If you think of your car as a living, breathing being then it is fair to call the car’s engine the heart of the being. The engine has similar general functions to a human being’s heart as it gets the blood (fuel) pumping and the rest of the body parts (other automotive parts) moving! If the engine is the heart, then the engine control unit (ECU) found in many modern vehicles is the brain. If you want to understand the fundamentals of electronic fuel injection then you need to understand the concept that electronic fuel injection would be non-existent without the brain of the car.
There are four tasks an ECU is responsible for. The ECU controls the fuel mixture, controls the idle speed, regulates ignition timing and controls valve timing. All four tasks are incredibly important functions that allow your car to run the way you are so comfortably used to.